Monday, July 31, 2023

Monthly Night Sky Report: August 2023

      Introduction

    July turned out to be another great month for stargazing over Utah. It seemed that we only had a couple of cloudy nights that prohibited potential stargazers from viewing the wonders of the night sky. I was able to view Venus and Mars close in on Regulus and the thin crescent Moon join this trio. I was also able to view the dim, dusty trails of the Milky Way Band and the gas giants, Jupiter and Saturn, rising above the eastern horizon. I was unable to pick out Uranus and Neptune since I was stargazing with my unaided eyes. 

    August will be a spectacular month for stargazers. The event most observers will be looking forward to is the return of the Perseid Meteor Shower. I am also looking forward to Saturn reaching opposition near the end of the month. August also brings a Blue Moon and Mercury will reach its greatest eastern elongation. Read on below for more information about these exciting events!  

             

Mercury


      In keeping with tradition, I'll begin with Mercury, the innermost planet. This tiny planet will prove to be a challenge to spot this month, even though it will reach its greatest eastern elongation on the 9th. Mercury will be found above the western horizon after sunset, just below Mars for the first part of August. As the month continues, Mercury will sink ever closer to the horizon and will become lost from view by mid-month. 
  
Venus

    Venus will quickly transition from the Evening Star to the Morning Star during August. An observer at a high altitude and a clear view of the western horizon will be able to see Venus during the first five days or so of August. By the middle of the month, observers should switch their view to the eastern horizon to see Venus rising above the Utah mountains as the Morning Star. 
    
Mars

    Mars will also be a challenging planet to view during August. The Red Planet has sunk closer to the western horizon after sunset and has dimmed considerably. The best time to view Mars will come on August 18th when a thin crescent Moon can be found less than 2° above this planet.  

Jupiter
Saturn









     
    Jupiter will be an easier target to spot than Mercury and Mars this month. It will rise above the mountains shortly after 1:00 AM on the 1st and a full two hours earlier by the end of the month. Jupiter will offer great views through a pair of binoculars or a telescope. Both observing instruments can reveal the Galilean Moons and a telescope will reveal the cloud bands, the Great Red Spot. and even the shadow of the Galilean Moons as they transit the gas giant. Jupiter completes one full spin about its axis in under 10 hours, so be sure to view this planet multiple times during August or even on a single night! The Last Quarter Moon can be found less than 3° from Jupiter on the 8th. A short distance to the left of Jupiter, an observer can view M45, the Pleiades.     

    Saturn will rise above the mountains around 11:00 PM on the 1st and about two hours earlier on the 31st. A nearly Full Moon will join Saturn on the 2nd and again on the 30th of August. Saturn will be a great telescope target this month, especially later in the night after it has risen higher above the horizon. A small telescope can reveal the rings of Saturn and the large moon, Titan. Other moons of Saturn are also visible but will be easier to detect with a larger telescope. Saturn will reach opposition on the 27th, making it visible during the whole night.    
   
       

Neptune
Uranus









    
    The two ice giants can be viewed through a pair of binoculars but will look their best through a telescope. Uranus will clear the eastern mountains at 2:00 AM, about an hour after Jupiter, on the 1st. By the end of the month, Uranus can be seen rising above the horizon around midnight, nearly two hours earlier. To the upper right, an observer will notice the vividly bright Jupiter, and to the left of Uranus, the dim M45 star cluster can be found. The Moon can be found between Uranus and the Pleiades in the morning hours of August 9th. 

    Neptune will rise above the eastern horizon about an hour after Saturn, which is about an hour before Jupiter during August. The Moon can be found just 2° below Neptune on the 4th and again on the 31st. Use these two dates to help find Neptune, which will glow a blue-grey color through binoculars or a telescope. 

    

Meteor Shower 

   Perseids! Perseids! Perseids! The Perseid Meteor Shower returns this month and it should be a great shower to end the summer with. Stargazers should expect to see up to 100 meteors per hour on the 13th, the date the Perseids will peak. The best time to view the Perseids will be about an hour before sunrise on the 13th when Perseus, the constellation where these meteors will appear to radiate, will be high in the eastern sky. Observers may notice Jupiter, the Pleiades, and Orion in the sky at this time as well. This year, the Moon will be a thin crescent and will not be bright enough to wash out the meteors of this shower. For best results, travel to a dark sky location and bring a chair that will allow you to lay back and look up at the sky! 

 

Monthly Breakdown

  
August 01: Full Moon 🌕
August 03: Moon passes within 2° of Saturn
August 04: Moon passes within 2° of Neptune
August 08: Moon passes within 3° of Jupiter
August 08: Last Quarter Moon🌗
August 08: Moon passes within 3° of Uranus
August 09: Mercury reaches greatest eastern elongation
August 13: Perseid Meteor Shower Peaks
August 16: New Moon 🌑
August 18: Moon passes within 7° of Mercury
August 18: Moon passes within 2° of Mars
August 24: First Quarter Moon ðŸŒ“
August 27: Saturn reaches opposition
August 30: Moon passes within 2° of Saturn
August 30: Full Moon 🌕 Blue Moon



     

    Remember to follow me on Instagram @CosmicLure01 to receive notifications for new posts.  You may also follow me on Twitter @CosmicLure.  


    
Now get outside and look up!
Planet images were taken by NASA.
Andrew vs. the Cosmos was taken by Jeff Greenland.
    

Friday, July 14, 2023

Midmonth Check-In: July 2023 and Getting Started in Astronomy

 

Introduction and Monthly Reminders   

    
    The first 14 days of the month have been decent for stargazing. I have been able to watch Venus and Mars move closer together in the evening sky, the two planets converging on Regulus in Leo. The Super Moon, aka Buck Moon, the Full Moon of July was also neat to watch rising above the mountains during the first week of July. 

    Interested observers can still look forward to the New Moon on the 17th and a few close encounters between the Moon and the planets. The first encounter will be Mercury on the 19th followed by Mars and Venus on the 20th. Mercury and Venus can be found close to one another on the 26th and the Southern Delta Aquariid Meteor Shower will peak on the 30th. Remember that the period around a New Moon is the best time for viewing deep-sky objects.  

Getting Started in Astronomy   

    
    I have a past post about getting started in Astronomy and thought I would again share those thoughts. My interest began when I was a teenager, and comet Hale-Bopp was seen in our evening sky. I remember sitting in the backyard with my dad and watching the comet for a few hours every week, for the 18 months it was visible. I also remember my first time looking through a telescope when I was about the same age. I'm sure we looked at more than one object, but the only thing I remember is seeing Saturn and its rings for the first time. Fast-forward about ten years and I finally realized the passion I had for the night sky and changed my degree from Computer Science to Astrophysics.  

    With the many years of experience and knowledge that I have gained, for any future observer, I recommend getting to know the constellations. This can be done by using a book, planisphere, or an app on your favorite mobile device. All of this gear can be acquired at a very low price and can be used by budding and advanced astronomers. 

    Next, I would suggest stepping up to a small pair of binoculars that are likely already owned or can be purchased for an economical price. I started my journey with a pair of 25 x 100 binoculars, often referred to as giant or astronomy binoculars, and a sturdy tripod. My particular pair of binoculars tips the scales at about ten pounds and are hard to hold steady, therefore the tripod was required. Binoculars can show an observer many of the craters on the Moon, the phases of Venus, and the Galilean Moons of Jupiter. I can also (barely) make out the rings of Saturn and the colors of Uranus and Neptune. A few of my favorite targets with binoculars are the Pleiades, Jupiter, the Beehive Cluster, the Moon, and the Sun, with proper solar filters of course. I have been able to watch many lunar eclipses, annular solar eclipses, total solar eclipses, and even the transit of Venus across the Sun. Even a smaller 10 x 50 pair of binoculars can reveal the Galilean Moons of Jupiter, phases of Venus, and craters on the Moon. An image of my binoculars and tripod can be seen below.

My astronomy binoculars with solar filters on a tripod.

    While owning the 25 x 100 binoculars, I started to practice astrophotography with a camera I purchased from my brother. My setup consisted of a Nikon DSLR camera, 18-50mm and 55-200mm zoom lenses, and a tripod. I was able to capture many decent shots with this setup as well as a few images of lighting. Unfortunately, most of these pictures were lost when the hard drive they were stored on decided to fail. Remember to have multiple back-ups! An image of this setup can be found in my "Andrew vs. the Cosmos" photo below.

Andrew vs. the Cosmos
 
    When I began getting aperture fever, I started going to star parties to see what gear and setup other astronomers were using. Typically, I would go to Stansbury Park where the Salt Lake Astronomical Society (SLAS) would meet, to look at and through the telescopes the members would bring. I also remember visiting Jordanelle with SLAS and Antelope Island with the Ogden Astronomical Society (OAS). 

    After my time with SLAS and OAS, I changed my degree from Computer Science to Astrophysics. Shortly after, I decided on my first telescope, the Orion XX12g Dobsonian. I chose this telescope because of its ability to be broken down into many smaller pieces so that it can be easily transported to a dark sky site, its large 12-inch aperture, and the ability to locate and track objects in the night sky. Since this purchase, I have bought a few accessories to go along with the telescope and have acquired a few additional lenses for my DSLR camera. Below are my favorite images of my telescope at a dark sky site. 

My telescope is front and center with my camera to the left.

My Orion XX12g telescope.

    I urge those interested in astronomy to begin by attending star parties hosted by local astronomy clubs. This can give future observers the opportunity to find the right telescope for them. I believe that starting out with a pair of binoculars is a great idea since they are generally inexpensive and can be used for other activities, not just astronomy. When the observer feels ready to step up to a telescope, they should research and test as many telescopes as they can. Generally, a Dobsonian telescope will be the best "bang for the buck," offering observers a larger aperture compared to similarly priced telescopes of other designs. Dobsonians are also easier to set up and operate with their push-to design. I know individuals that have started out with a telescope on an equatorial mount and have been just as pleased as I am with my binoculars and telescope. The best telescope is the one that gets used, not the one that sits in the corner of a room and collects dust!

    As for astrophotography gear, I recommend starting with your smartphone. As camera sensors have become smaller and technology has improved, many smartphones can capture great images without having to do the post-processing work. I have been quite impressed with the quality of images from my smartphone compared to my DSLR camera. My images take about five minutes with my smartphone. I put it on a small tripod, select astrophotography mode, and the camera works its magic for five minutes and I am left with a great image, as long as I'm taking a picture of what I want. These images are generally landscape photography. Below are two images of roughly the same thing, taken on the same night, one with my phone and one with my DSLR camera. The image taken with the DSLR has also been edited to bring out the best features where the picture with my smartphone is the image saved by my phone when I took the picture.

Venus (bottom), Jupiter (middle), and Andromeda (top right). Taken with my Google Pixel 6 Pro. 

Venus (bottom), Jupiter (middle), Andromeda (top center), and Milky Way (right). Taken with my Nikon DSLR camera.
   
    More images and posts will come later! Be sure to check back around the first of August for my next Monthly Night Sky Report.

Remember to follow me on Instagram @CosmicLure01 to receive notifications for new posts.  You may also follow me on Twitter @CosmicLure.  

    
Now get outside and look up!
   

Saturday, July 1, 2023

Monthly Night Sky Report: July 2023

     Introduction

    June was a great month to be outdoors for both recreation and enjoying the night sky. The temperatures over Utah have been a bit cooler this year than is typical, so far. Personally, I enjoy the cooler temperatures but know many individuals who are looking forward to a warm-up. It has been a crazy and busy year for me thus far, but I hope to be able to get out under the stars soon.

    July will offer observers the chance to view all the planets, including the dwarf planet, Pluto. Mercury and Venus will be close together in the evening sky towards the end of the month. Venus will also reach its brightest for the year during July. Mars will pass close by Regulus, the brightest star in Leo. Observers will also be able to view a meteor shower this month, leading up to the highly anticipated Perseids in August. Aside from these great viewing opportunities, observers can still enjoy many of the Messier Catalog objects.  

             

Mercury


      Mercury will reach superior conjunction with the Sun on the 1st and will not be visible until the second half of the month. By the 18th, a thin crescent Moon can be found just above Mercury with Venus, followed by Mars, to the left. The 19th will bring the Moon nestled between the two inner planets. On the 21st, Mercury, Venus, Mars, and the Moon will form a nearly straight line. It's best to be at a high elevation with a clear view of the western horizon to see this.  
  
Venus

    Venus will shine at its brightest this month and will demand an observer's attention. The Earth's sister can be seen shining in the western sky after the Sun sinks below the horizon. On the 7th of July, Venus will shine its brightest at magnitude -4.7 but will only be 26% illuminated from our Earthly view. A pair of binoculars or a telescope will reveal a thin crescent phase of Venus. This planet will remain above the horizon for about two hours after sunset. After the sky darkens, the red glow of Mars will pop into view just 4° away from Venus on the first evening of July. As the month progresses, this pair of planets will slowly pull away from each other. 
    
Mars

    Mars can be found close to Venus during much of July. The Red Planet will break through the twilight glow shortly after sunset. Mars will not shine nearly as brightly as Venus but should be easy to spot against the background stars of Leo. In the first few days of July, an observer will find Mars close to Regulus, the brightest star of Leo. Mars is currently on the far side of the solar system from the Earth and will not offer much surface detail. The Moon will be found close by on the evening of the 20th. 

Jupiter
Saturn









     
    Jupiter can be found rising above the eastern mountains around 3:00 AM on the 1st of July. It will shine brightly at -2 magnitude and will be visible until the morning glow of the Sun overtakes it. The 36% illuminated Moon can be found close by on the 11th. By the end of July, Jupiter will rise above the mountains about two hours earlier than at the start of the month.  

    Saturn will rise above the eastern mountains two hours before Jupiter, at 1:00 AM on the 1st of July. By the end of July, Saturn will rise a full two hours earlier, around 11:00 PM. The Moon will join Saturn in the early morning sky on the 7th of July. Saturn will reach opposition later this year, but the summer months offer a great opportunity for observers to stay up late and view this planet. 
   
       

Neptune
Uranus









    
    The two ice giants can be viewed through a pair of binoculars but will look their best through a telescope. Uranus will rise at 4:00 AM, an hour after Jupiter on the 1st of July. This ice giant will follow Jupiter's path and rise two full hours earlier by the end of the month. The Moon can be found close by on the 12th. 

    Neptune can be found rising after Saturn but before Jupiter during July.  The Moon can be found close by on the 8th of July. By the end of the month, Neptune will rise above the mountains at midnight.  

    The dwarf planet Pluto may also be seen in the night sky during July. It is required that a large telescope is used. Pluto can be found rising above the southeastern horizon as the Sun sets in the west. The best time to view Pluto will come after midnight when it is high enough in the sky to be seen with less atmospheric disturbance. Pluto will fall below the southwest horizon before sunrise. This tiny dwarf planet will reach opposition on the 21st. During my experience viewing Pluto, it is pretty hard to discern which point of light is the dwarf planet and which are stars. It would be best to view Pluto over several nights to find which point of light is moving relative to the others.   

Meteor Shower 

   Several minor meteor showers can be observed during July with the Southern Delta Aquariid shower peaking at the end of the month. The actual peak day is the 30th and will offer observers the chance to view up to 25 meteors per hour. The best time to catch these shooting stars will come shortly before sunrise when the Moon has dipped below the horizon. This shower will appear to radiate from Aquarius, so a location that offers a clear view of this constellation is recommended. 

 

Monthly Breakdown

  
July 01: Mercury reaches superior conjunction 
July 03: Full Moon 🌕
July 06: Moon passes within 3° of Saturn
July 07: Venus reaches its greatest illumination
July 08: Moon passes within 2° of Neptune
July 09: Last Quarter Moon🌗
July 10: Mars passes within 1° of Regulus
July 11: Moon passes within 2° of Jupiter
July 12: Moon passes within 2° of Uranus
July 17: New Moon 🌑
July 19: Moon passes within 4° of Mercury
July 20: Moon passes within 8° of Venus
July 20: Moon passes within 3° of Mars
July 20: 54th Anniversary of Apollo 11 Moon Landing
July 21: Pluto reaches opposition
July 25: First Quarter Moon ðŸŒ“
July 26: Mercury and Venus within 5°
July 28: Mercury passes within 0.1° of Regulus
July 30: Southern Delta Aquariid Meteor Shower peaks


Spot Me....🕵️  

    Many wonders of the night sky are visible during the summer months. If the opportunity presents itself, I encourage as many of these objects to be viewed as possible. If an observer is interested in viewing objects from the Messier Catalog, please use my Messier Catalog file to aid in the hunt. All of the planets, including the dwarf planet Pluto, will be visible in late July. Start viewing in the west after sunset to see Mercury, Venus, and Mars. After Mars sets in the west, swing your telescope to the southeast to view Pluto. Saturn will rise above the eastern horizon before midnight, followed by Neptune. Jupiter and Uranus will rise above the horizon shortly after Neptune. Return here on the 15th of July for another post! 

     

    Remember to follow me on Instagram @CosmicLure01 to receive notifications for new posts.  You may also follow me on Twitter @CosmicLure.  


    
Now get outside and look up!
Planet images were taken by NASA.
Andrew vs. the Cosmos was taken by Jeff Greenland.